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A new and upgraded parachute for the UK-built Rosalind Franklin Mars rover has successfully passed a series of high-altitude testsA new and upgraded parachute for the UK-built Rosalind Franklin Mars rover has successfully passed a series of high-altitude testsbringing further exploration of the Red Planet one step closer.Rosalind Franklin has been built with government backing to try to detect life past or present on the Red Planet.After several weeks of delays due to bad weather the latest tests todeterminethe parachutesfitness for use in the harsh conditions of Mars saw the descent vehicle dropped from a stratospheric balloon at an altitude of about 29 kilometres above Sweden.The 15 metre-wide first stage main parachute performed flawlessly at supersonic speeds while the 35 metre-wide second stage parachute experienced one minor damage but decelerated the mock-up of the landing platform as expected.The team will be looking in more detail into the origin of this new anomaly before finalising the configuration of the next pair of drop tests to take place in October or November from Oregon USA.The rover was built in Stevenage by Airbus while the UCL Mullard Space Science Laboratory led on a key instrument known as the PanCam a high-resolution 3D camera which will look at the terrain and rocks to try to detect signs of life.The University of Leicester Teledyne e2v and STFC RAL Space worked on the Raman Spectrometer which will use laser light to identify particular minerals and organic compounds and search for life. The rover is due to launch in 2022 arriving on Mars in 2023.Chris Castelli director of programmes at the UK Space Agency saidThe Rosalind Franklin rover showcases some of the best of the UKs space sector and will be Europes first planetary rover.Its fantastic that this flagship mission is now one step closer to launching to the Red Planet to lead the search for signs of life.Adjusting and testing the ExoMars parachutes has been a priority following a series of unsuccessful drop tests in 2019 and 2020.The tests focused on demonstrating the readiness of new equipment developed by Airborne Systems as well as verifying changes to the parachute and bag provided byArescosmo.They follow ground-based high-speed extraction tests conducted by NASA in California in May.Landing safely on Mars is a notoriously difficult task. This testing is an essential part of ensuring a successful mission.The UK Space Agency is the second largest European contributor to the ESA-Roscosmos ExoMars mission having invested 287 million in the mission and 14 million on the instruments. This in addition to successful negotiations with ESA secured key mission contracts for the UK space sector.Richard Franklin Managing Director of Airbus Defence and Space UK saidIf the M25 is where London stops then Stevenage is where space starts. After more than a decade of design development and manufacture of the ExoMars rover in Stevenage its great to see these latest successful tests putting us on target for launch next summer.Seeing the rovers tracks across the Martian surface as it starts its search for life on the Red Planet will not only be a fantastic testament to the UKs space capability but also help inspire the next generation of space engineers.Thierry Blancquaert ExoMars programme team leader at ESA saidWere very happy to report that the first main parachute performed perfectly we have a supersonic parachute design that can fly to Mars. There will be at least two further opportunities to test this parachute design to gain further confidence.The Rosalind Franklin roverrequires two main parachutes each with its own pilot chute for extraction to helpslowit downas it plunges through theMartianatmosphere.The 15 metre-wide first stage main parachutewill open while thedescentmodule is still travelling at supersonicspeeds and the 35 metre-widesecond stage main parachuteisdeployedonce at subsonic speeds.The parachute had originally been packed inside the bag around the central mortar that contains the pilot chute such that upon extraction it unwrapped in a 360 fashion. Folding the band of the parachute in two layers so that it first unfolds in one direction and then 180 in the other direction proved to reduce the tendency of the canopy to experience friction incurred by wrapping around the mortar.Once the module gets close to its destination it will enter a six-minute landing sequence.Drag from the atmosphere will slow it from 13000 miles per hour to 1000 miles per hour.The first parachute will then be deployed followed 20 seconds later by the second one.When it gets around 0.6 miles above the surface an engine will start to slow the descent even further to allow for a safe touchdown.The latest Size and Health of the UK Space Industry report shows the UK space sector is booming. Income from the UK space sector has risen from 14.8 billion to 16.4 billion representing growth of 5.7 in real terms while employment is up by 3200 from 41900 to 45100.
