📋 Tender Overview
Over sixteen months on, the conflict in Sudan continues to spiral out of control. Civilians bear the brunt of hostilities between the Sudanese Armed Forces (SAF) and the Rapid Support Forces (RSF), and respective allied armed movements and militias, conducted with total disregard for international law.
Since the High Commissioner’s update to this Council in March, the conflict has escalated further. Declarations by the warring parties of commitments to protect civilians remain empty, with violations continuing unabated.
Our Office and the Designated Expert continue to document violations of international humanitarian law and human rights violations and abuses by all parties to the conflict. Indiscriminate attacks and the use of weapons with wide-area effects in densely populated areas have resulted in thousands of civilian casualties, destruction of vital infrastructure – including hospitals, schools and markets – and decimation of sources of livelihoods.
Since May, El Fasher in North Darfur has been ravaged by heavy fighting: the targeting of medical facilities has deprived the population of health services. From June to August, we documented over 864 civilian deaths in attacks on residential areas across Sudan.
Our Office is particularly alarmed by the use, since the beginning of the conflict, of sexual violence as a weapon of war. We have documented 97 incidents involving 172 victims, predominantly women and girls – which is a gross under-representation of the reality. Responsibility for 81 per cent of incidents was attributed to men in RSF uniform and affiliated armed men. We also received credible reports of sexual violence attributed to SAF troops and the allied armed movements. We again urge the parties to issue and enforce strict command orders to prohibit and punish sexual violence, and to take other effective steps to prevent it.
I am deeply troubled by ethnically motivated attacks and hate speech. Our Office has documented multiple testimonies recounting summary executions, sexual violence and forced displacement perpetrated by the RSF and allied Arab militia, notably targeting the Masalit community in West Darfur. Ethnically motivated violence, harassment and arrests were also documented in Darfur and Al-Jazirah.
The mobilization of civilians, including children, has intensified across Sudan, particularly along tribal lines. This poses risks of a widening civil war with further ethnic dimensions.
Civic space is increasingly shrinking. Across the country, states of emergency are relied upon to curtail activities of civil society organisations and journalists, and to detain individuals based on political opinion. Since telecommunications blackouts in February and March, restrictions have continued, with recent efforts to block the use of satellite internet access. These vital services for civilians and humanitarians alike must be maintained.
Arbitrary detention by both parties, and allied armed movements, continues. Our Office documented increasing arrests by Military Intelligence, and imposition of death sentences, for alleged support for the RSF, often based upon real or presumed tribal identity. We have also documented unlawful detention, again often based on ethnicity, by the RSF in Darfur.
Accountability is critical to end longstanding impunity. In this regard, the continued work of the International Fact-Finding Mission on Sudan is vital, and I urge all parties to cooperate with the Mission, whose investigative mandate complements the broader engagement by our Office and the Designated Expert. I also urge the Council and Member States to carefully consider the findings of the Fact Finding Mission.
