📋 Tender Overview
May 2, 2025, Chisinau - in the context of increasingly common pedoclimatic challenges - severe drought, sudden temperature oscillations and late frosts, the National Center for Seed Research and Production (CNCPS) and the National Institute of Applied Research in Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine Republic of Moldova. The recommendations are structured on two sections: field cultures and multiannual cultures, as follows:
I. field cultures
National Seed Research and Production Center (CNCPS)
1. Care of autumn seed (wheat, barley, etc.
Apply post -emergent herbicides in the early stages of weeds to reduce competition for water, light and nutrients.
Choose herbicides according to the weed spectrum, the condition of the crop and the phenophase of plants.
Apply treatments only in favorable weather conditions (temperatures above 10-13 deg C, weak wind).
Administer fertilizers in moderate doses, depending on the density of culture and physiological condition.
Opt for fractional foliar fertilization, with microelements and biostimulators, especially before rains or increased air humidity.
2. Sowing of spring crops
Use varieties and hybrids adapted to drought, with reduced vegetation period (eg early corn, waterfall flower to water stress).
Expand the cultivation of sorghum and millet in the southern areas, where they are more resistant to drought.
Use high -performance seeders that ensure the correct placement of the seed and a good contact with the ground.
Reduce the sowing norm to avoid excessive competition between plants.
Choose only seeds certified and treated with approved products (fungicides/insecticides).
3. Agrotechnic works on the ground
Avoid deep work that accelerates the loss of humidity.
Opt for minimum works (superficial slopes), directly sown or the preparation of the germinal bed with machines that preserve the soil structure.
Do not use rotary mills during this period - risk wind erosion.
After sowing, perform the rolling for a good-seed-seed contact.
If crust is formed, intervene promptly with lightweight.
4. Fertilization - adapted to current conditions
Apply fractional fertilizers, depending on the humidity in the soil and the condition of the plants.
Avoid basic fertilization if the soil is dry.
Use complex foliar products (NPK + microelements) and starter fertilization only if the 0-20 cm layer contains a minimum of humidity.
5. Biostimulators - for partially affected cultures
Apply amino acid biostimulators, humic and full acids for crops affected by frost or drought that help:
- restoration of the root system,
- activation of plant metabolism,
- improve the absorption of nutrients and
- increasing the efficiency of photosynthesis.
6. Assessment of sowing viability
Review the viability of plants by longitudinal sectioning of the stems/roots.
- Healthy tissues are light in color (white-yellow).
- brown tissues indicate irreversible losses.
If the density of culture is affected, opt for:
- Localized overwhelming - if the losses are reduced.
- Full renewal - if compromised over 60-70% of plants.
II. Multiannual cultures
National Institute of Applied Research in Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine (INAMV)
In the context of increased risks associated with late spring - frequent frosts in the Republic of Moldova until the end of April and sometimes even in May - Incamv proposes a set of agrotechnical and technological measures that can contribute to protecting fruit and vineyards, especially in sensitive development phases (flowering).
Technical recommendations for farmers:
Strategic location of plantations-it is recommended to avoid depressing areas and location of orchards with north-western northern, northeastern or north-western exhibitions, which allow the natural air to flow and reduce the risk of frost.
The use of forest protection curtains - tree planting (eg poplar, acacia) in the direction of cold dominant winds contribute to creating a favorable microclimate, reducing heat losses and raising local air temperature by 1-2 deg C.
Green cuts for the delay in flowering - in the case of apricot, cuts are recommended to stimulate early shoots, which bloom 3-5 days later, avoiding overlapping with ice cream episodes.
Snow management for vegetation delay - in small plantations, snowing around the trunks can keep the soil cold longer, delaying starting in the vegetation and reducing the risk of flowering.
Choosing varieties with increased frost resistance - it is recommended to select varieties with late flowering and toleranceIt is at low temperatures, adapted to local agroclimatic conditions.
Irrigation by aspect - the activation of stinging systems during frosts contributes to the formation of an ice film that releases latent heat, raising the temperature in the crown area by 3-4 deg C.
Active heating of air - the use of stoves or burners in plantations during nights with frost risk can prevent affecting floral and vegetative buds.
Air ventilation - the use of fans to mix cold air from the soil with the higher coats reduces the accumulation of cold air and protects the sensitive areas of the plantation.
Fumigation - controlled burning of materials (straw, peat, sawdust) generates a smoke screen that reduces radiation heat losses and can increase air temperature by 1-2 deg C.
The application of fertilizers and growth regulators - fertilizers based on phosphorus and potassium, together with approved regulators, applied around flowering, increase the resistance of plants to thermal stress.
Infrared heating systems - for vines, especially in high risk areas, it is recommended to use modern infrared heating technologies, which provide punctual protection during frosts.
Monitoring and evaluation of damage - after frosts, careful inspection of flowers, pistil and shoots is important. It is recommended to cut the affected organs to healthy tissues and evaluate the losses after the formation of fruits ( 1 cm), for an effective remediation reaction.
Combating m
