📋 Tender Overview
Current Regional Director of Energy and Mines Piura Eng. Gaby Yulisa Julca Cumbicus de Llerena, in order to disseminate Mining is part of the History of Peru, provides the following information:
PREINCA PERIOD
Mining is the activity that human beings carry out to extract and use mineral substances that exist in nature. The use of mineral resources has been present in the life of man since the most remote ages, using them in their diet (common salt), artistic manifestations, weapons and primitive artifacts for domestic and productive life with a diversity of tools such as stone stove and ceramics, melting crucibles and compact stone anvils, the aborigines knew copper, bronze and stone hammers as well as axes with handles made of the same materials or set.
INCA PERIOD
The mineral resources of the Inca territory were well managed, capable of being exploited, transported, accumulated, transformed, redistributed and conserved in a very systematic way, they managed the mining activities in the following way:
The criterion of ownership and usufruct of resources was established
They created categories of workers dedicated to mining and metallurgical tasks
They assigned certain areas of exploitation
Larger scale production began
The safety of the resulting product was monitored
The Incas invaded regions, conquered towns and gained the resources of the dominated territories for the empire, adding new mineral deposits, making them the property of the ruling Inca.
COLONIAL PERIOD
Colonial mining was more about exaction than industry, it was worked in a disorganized way, with a cruel exploitation of human resources through the mitas system to work the underground mines with the gunpowder that they brought, interested in gold and silver. , then mercury, copper and tin were available in Europe and steel had displaced bronze in many uses.
REPUBLICAN ERA
In 1821, the year in which Perus independence took place, the Spanish knew that their days of dominance would end, taking with them what they had and could, making mining an activity without adequate method or planning. Towards the end of the colony the only mines that yielded an estimable production were those in Cerro de Pasco and others in Hualgayoc and Puno. The benefit of these minerals represents war resources for the acquisition of materials, food, even the purchase of weapons and for the general financing of the campaign.
Gaby Julca stated that, since the pre-Inca stage, Peruvians have already extracted the mineral and turned it into ornaments and tools, forming part of our history and mining legacy.
