📋 Tender Overview
By: Yanet Antayhua, scientific researcher at IGPThe southern Peru sits on a geological scenario as fascinating as it is challenging: the central volcanic area of the Andes, one of the most active in South America. Here 16 active and potentially active volcanoes are concentrated, some very close to cities, crop fields and strategic economic corridors. An eventual eruption would not only put the lives of thousands of people at risk, but also food security and regional economy, linked to agriculture, livestock, mining and tourism.
Faced with this reality, the surveillance and scientific research of volcanoes making use of geophysical techniques is an inevitable need. Therefore, the Geophysical Institute of Peru (PGI) has incorporated innovative techniques that allow us to better understand the dynamic behavior and internal structure of these volcanoes. One of them is the Magnetotheluric (MT), a high -resolution geophysical method that is transforming the way we study the interior of the earth.
The MT takes advantage of the natural variations of the Earths electric and magnetic fields, originated by the interaction of the solar wind with the magnetosphere. These signals penetrate the subsoil and, when interacting with rocks, fluids and gases, generate responses that are recorded on the surface. When processing these data, scientists develop electrical resistivity maps, keys to identify water, minerals, hydrothermal fluids and even magma reservoirs.
Thanks to this technique, it has been possible to unravel the complex internal structure of volcanoes such as the Misti and the Sabancaya in Arequipa, the Ubinas in Moquegua, and the Casiri and Purupuruni in Tacna. Today we know in greater detail the depth and geometry of the magmatic reservoirs, the ducts where the magma and the distribution of the hydrothermal systems amounts. Before, these were barely hypotheses based on superficial observations.
The change is substantial: from a limited analysis to the surface we have passed to an radiography of detail and complete volcanic interior. This information enriches scientific knowledge and becomes a strategic tool for risk management and communities protection.
Magnetothelurica demonstrates how science and innovation strengthen the resilience of a country exposed to the attacks of nature. The more precise the diagnoses are, the more effective the prevention policies will be and the better prepared our cities in front of natural disasters. The PPE keeps its commitment firm: science to protect us, science to advance.
Opinion column published in the newspaper Correo Arequipa
