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Lao PDR is taking important steps to strengthen biodiversity conservation by combining scientific research, innovation and partnerships. A 17-month initiative led by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) has helped government agencies, universities, conservation groups, local communities and private-sector partners improve biodiversity knowledge and support implementation of the countrys National Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan.
The initiative focused on three key conservation tools: Other Effective Conservation Measures (OECMs), the National Red List of Threatened Species and Key Biodiversity Areas (KBAs). Together, these approaches can help identify threatened species, important ecosystems and areas where conservation can be strengthened beyond traditional protected areas.
More than 80 potential OECM sites were identified across northern, central and southern Lao PDR. Five sites were prioritised for further assessment, including biodiversity offset areas and community-based wetland conservation sites. The assessment also highlighted the need for stronger evidence of biodiversity outcomes, effective governance and long-term threat management before many sites can qualify for formal OECM recognition.
The project also established the foundations for Lao PDRs first National Red List. Experts identified 323 priority species for assessment, including 198 plants, 28 mammals, 33 reptiles and amphibians, 19 birds, and 45 aquatic and invertebrate species. Ninety-six of these species are endemic to Lao PDR and could contribute to global biodiversity knowledge.
Work on Key Biodiversity Areas has also advanced, with 14 pilot sites selected for review under the Global KBA Standard. The reassessment of Hin Nam No identified 28 globally significant trigger species, strengthening evidence for the biodiversity importance of the UNESCO World Heritage Site.
The initiative demonstrated strong interest in biodiversity conservation among government institutions, researchers, communities and conservation organisations. It also showed the importance of continued investment in biodiversity data, GIS expertise, species assessments and long-term institutional coordination.
Looking ahead, Lao PDR aims to complete additional National Red List assessments, strengthen OECM and KBA technical working groups, support sites seeking conservation recognition and expand national capacity for biodiversity monitoring. These efforts could help the country make better-informed conservation decisions while advancing its national biodiversity targets and commitments under the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework.
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