📋 Tender Overview
A study by the Institute for Employment Research IAB shows that the recognition of foreign professional qualifications very quickly leads to positive effects on the labor market. The Institute for SME Research ifm found in a separate study that the number of self-employed with a migration background has increased significantly and that they are increasingly starting up in technology and knowledge-intensive industries.The Institute for Employment Research of the Federal Employment Agency IAB was able to show in an analysis of data from around 5000 immigrants that the recognition of foreign professional qualifications increases the probability of employment by 17 percentage points after one year and by 25 percentage points after three years compared to people who have not applied for recognition of their professional qualifications increases.Furthermore it was examined what wage effects a recognition of the professional qualification i.e. a determination of the equivalence of professional qualifications acquired abroad entails. Twelve months after recognition the daily earnings of people whose qualifications have been recognized increase by around 8 percent compared to the group who did not apply for recognition. This difference increases over time and rises to 20 percent three years after recognition. After that it remains at an average of 16 percent.The study is based on survey results of the IAB-SOEP migration sample and was linked with data from the integrated employment biographies which contain among other things daily information on employment and earnings from the employment statistics of the Federal Employment Agency.The study by the Institute for SME Research ifm at the University of Mannheim was commissioned by the German government and also deals with the participation of people with a migration background in the labor market but focuses on self-employment and business start-ups. According to the study the number of self-employed with foreign roots has risen steadily in recent years and at the same time their contribution to innovation employment and the internationalization of medium-sized companies.The results show that the number of self-employed with a migration background increased by over 250000 to 791000 50 percent between 2005 and 2019 while the number of self-employed of German origin decreased by 360000 -10 percent. In the meantime every fifth entrepreneurially engaged person 20 percent in Germany has a migration background. Around 90 percent of these self-employed immigrated in person i.e. they are first-generation migrants.Anders als die Generation der Gastarbeiter sind die in jngerer Zeit Zugewanderten mit hheren Qualifikationen ausgestattet. Daher grnden sie weniger als vorherige Kohorten im Gastgewerbe und Handel sondern verstrkt auch in Branchen in denen Wissen und moderne Technologien von Bedeutung sind. Inzwischen ist jedes vierte Migrantenunternehmen dem Bereich der wissensintensiven Dienstleistungen zuzuordnen wozu neben technologieorientierten Start-ups Ingenieurbros und Forschungslaboren vor allem die Freien Berufe von der Steuerberaterin bis zum Mediziner und Kulturschaffenden zhlen.An outstanding strength of the migrant companies are their international relationships and networks which they can use better than locals thanks to the language and other country-specific knowledge. While 9 percent of the start-ups by people of German origin have export activities the figure is already 14 percent among migrant start-ups.Overall the study also shows that immigrants start-up potential is by no means exhausted especially since their access to self-employment is hampered by various legal and bureaucratic hurdles. Therefore from a scientific point of view new initiatives are needed which give a still little widespread migration-sensitive start-up advice and support a new impetus. The researchers also believe that a change in immigration policy is necessary one that not only focuses on recruiting skilled workers for German companies but also on the immigration of people who would like to set up a company in this country.
